# Volumetric Flow Rate Source (2P)

Generate constant volumetric flow rate

## Library

Two-Phase Fluid/Sources

## Description

The Volumetric Flow Rate Source (2P) block generates a constant volumetric flow rate in a two-phase fluid network branch. The source has two inlets, labeled A and B, with independently specified cross-sectional areas. By default, the source does isentropic work on the fluid, though the block provides the option to ignore this work.

The source is ideal. In other words, it maintains the specified flow rate regardless of the pressure differential produced between its ports. In addition, because the source is isentropic, there is no viscous friction between the ports and no heat exchange with the environment. Use this block to model an idealized pump or compressor or to set a boundary condition in a model.

### Mass Balance

The volume of fluid in the source is considered negligible and is ignored in a model. There is no fluid accumulation between the ports and the sum of all mass flow rates into the source must therefore equal zero:

`${\stackrel{˙}{m}}_{\text{A}}+\text{​}{\stackrel{˙}{m}}_{\text{B}}=0,$`

where $\stackrel{˙}{m}$ denotes the mass flow rate into the source through a port. Its value at port A is calculated from the specified volumetric flow rate:

where $\stackrel{˙}{V}$ is volumetric flow rate and v is specific volume.

### Energy Balance

By default, the source maintains the specified flow rate by performing isentropic work on the incoming fluid, though the block provides the option to ignore this term. The rate at which the source does work, if considered in the model, must equal the sum of the energy flow rates through the ports:

`${\varphi }_{\text{A}}+\text{​}{\varphi }_{\text{B}}+\text{​}{\varphi }_{\text{Work}}=0,$`

where ϕ denotes the energy flow rate into the source through a port or by means of work. The energy flow rate due to work is equal to the power generated by the source. Its value is calculated from the specific total enthalpies at the ports:

`${\varphi }_{\text{Work}}={\stackrel{˙}{m}}_{\text{A}}\left({h}_{\text{A}}-{h}_{\text{B}}\right).$`

The specific total enthalpy h is defined as:

`${h}_{*}={u}_{*}+{p}_{*}{v}_{*}+\frac{1}{2}{\left(\frac{{\stackrel{˙}{m}}_{*}{v}_{*}}{S}\right)}^{2},$`

where the asterisk denotes a port (A or B) and:

• u is specific internal energy.

• p is pressure.

• S is flow area.

The specific internal energy in the equation is obtained from the tabulated data of the Two-Phase Fluid Properties (2P) block. Its value is uniquely determined from the constraint that the work done by the source is isentropic. The specific entropy, a function of specific internal energy, must then have the same value at ports A and B:

`${s}_{\text{A}}\left({p}_{\text{A}},{u}_{\text{A}}\right)={s}_{\text{B}}\left({p}_{\text{B}},{u}_{\text{B}}\right),$`

where s is specific entropy. If the Power added parameter is set to `None`, the specific total enthalpies at the ports have the same value (${h}_{\text{A}}={h}_{\text{B}}$) and the work done by the source reduces to zero (${\varphi }_{\text{Work}}=0$).

### Variables

To set the priority and initial target values for the block variables prior to simulation, use the Variables tab in the block dialog box (or the Variables section in the block Property Inspector). For more information, see Set Priority and Initial Target for Block Variables.

## Ports

### Conserving

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Opening through fluid can enter and exit the source.

Opening through fluid can enter and exit the source.

## Parameters

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Parameterization for the calculation of power. Work is isentropic and its calculation is based on the assumptions of zero friction losses and zero heat exchange with the environment. Change to `None` to prevent the source from impacting the temperature of the fluid—for example, when using this block as a boundary condition in a model.

Volume of fluid pumped through the ports per unit time. A positive rate corresponds to a flow directed from port A to port B. The specified rate is maintained no matter the pressure differential produced between the ports.

Area of the fluid opening normal to the direction of flow.

Area of the fluid opening normal to the direction of flow.