randomAffine3d
Create randomized 3-D affine transformation
Description
creates an tform
= randomAffine3daffinetform3d
object that performs an identity transformation.
specifies the type of affine transformation using name-value arguments.tform
= randomAffine3d(Name,Value
)
Examples
Randomly Shear 3-D Volume
Create a sample volume.
volumeCube = 0.5*ones(100,100,100);
Create a 3-D viewer to control the appearance of the scene. Set the camera position of the scene to improve the visibility of the volume.
viewer = viewer3d(CameraPosition=[700 -250 650],CameraTarget=[50 50 50]);
Display the volume in the scene.
volshow(volumeCube,Parent=viewer);
Create a 3-D affine transformation that shears 3-D volumes. The randomAffine3d
function picks a shear amount randomly from a continuous uniform distribution within the interval [40, 60] degrees. randomAffine3d
picks a random shear direction aligned with the x-, y-, or z-axis.
tform1 = randomAffine3d(Shear=[40 60]); J1 = imwarp(volumeCube,tform1);
Display the sheared volume in a new scene with the same camera position.
viewer1 = viewer3d(CameraPosition=[700 -250 650],CameraTarget=[50 50 50]); volshow(J1,Parent=viewer1);
To shear a volume by a different randomly selected amount, create a new 3-D affine transformation. Note the difference in the shear direction.
tform2 = randomAffine3d(Shear=[40 60]); J2 = imwarp(volumeCube,tform2);
Display the sheared volume in a new scene with the same camera position.
viewer2 = viewer3d(CameraPosition=[700 -250 650],CameraTarget=[50 50 50]); volshow(J2,Parent=viewer2);
Input Arguments
Name-Value Arguments
Specify optional pairs of arguments as
Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN
, where Name
is
the argument name and Value
is the corresponding value.
Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the
pairs does not matter.
Example: tform = randomAffine3d(XReflection=true)
Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose
Name
in quotes.
Example: tform = randomAffine3d("XReflection",true)
XReflection
— Random horizontal reflection
false
(default) | true
Random horizontal reflection, specified as false
or
true
. When XReflection
is
true
(1
), the transformation
tform
reflects images horizontally with 50% probability. By
default, the transformation does not reflect images in the horizontal
direction.
YReflection
— Random vertical reflection
false
(default) | true
Random vertical reflection, specified as false
or
true
. When YReflection
is
true
(1
), the transformation
tform
reflects images vertically with 50% probability. By
default, the transformation does not reflect images in the vertical direction.
ZReflection
— Random reflection along depth
false
(default) | true
Random reflection along the depth direction, specified as false
or true
. When ZReflection
is
true
(1
), the transformation
tform
reflects images along the depth direction with 50%
probability. By default, the transformation does not reflect images in the depth
direction.
Rotation
— Range of rotation
[0 0]
(default) | 2-element numeric vector | function handle
Range of rotation applied to the input image, specified as one of the following. Rotation is measured in degrees.
A 2-element numeric vector. The second element must be larger than or equal to the first element.
randomAffine3d
picks a rotation angle randomly from a continuous uniform distribution within the specified interval.randomAffine3d
selects a random axis of rotation from the unit sphere.A function handle of the form
The function[rotationAxis,theta] = selectRotation
selectRotation
must accept no input arguments. The function must return two output arguments:rotationAxis
, a 3-element vector defining the axis of rotation, andtheta
, a rotation angle in degrees.Use a function handle to pick rotation angles from a disjoint interval or using a nonuniform probability distribution. You can also use a function handle to specify an axis of rotation. For more information about function handles, see Create Function Handle.
By default, the transformation tform
does not rotate
images.
Example: [-45 45]
Scale
— Range of uniform scaling
[1 1]
(default) | 2-element numeric vector | function handle
Range of uniform (isotropic) scaling applied to the input image, specified as one of the following.
A 2-element numeric vector. The second element must be larger than or equal to the first element. The scale factor is picked randomly from a continuous uniform distribution within the specified interval.
A function handle. The function must accept no input arguments and return the scale factor as a numeric scalar. Use a function handle to pick scale factors from a disjoint interval or using a nonuniform probability distribution. For more information about function handles, see Create Function Handle.
By default, the transformation tform
does not scale
images.
Example: [0.5 4]
Shear
— Range of shear
[0 0]
(default) | 2-element numeric vector | function handle
Range of shear applied to the input image, specified as one of the following. Shear is measured as an angle in degrees, and is in the range (–90, 90).
A 2-element numeric vector. The second element must be larger than or equal to the first element. The shear angle is picked randomly from a continuous uniform distribution within the specified interval.
randomAffine3d
applies shear with uniform randomness to one of the principle x-, y-, and z-directions with respect to one of the two possible orthogonal directions.A function handle. The function must accept no input arguments and return the shear angle as a numeric scalar. Use a function handle to pick a shear angle from a disjoint interval or using a nonuniform probability distribution. For more information about function handles, see Create Function Handle.
By default, the transformation tform
does not shear images in
the horizontal direction.
Example: [0 45]
XTranslation
— Range of horizontal translation
[0 0]
(default) | 2-element numeric vector | function handle
Range of horizontal translation applied to the input image, specified as one of the following. Translation distance is measured in pixels.
A 2-element numeric vector. The second element must be larger than or equal to the first element. The translation distance is picked randomly from a continuous uniform distribution within the specified interval.
A function handle. The function must accept no input arguments and return the translation distance as a numeric scalar. Use a function handle to pick a translation distance from a disjoint interval or using a nonuniform probability distribution. For more information about function handles, see Create Function Handle.
By default, the transformation tform
does not translate
images in the horizontal direction.
Example: [-5 5]
YTranslation
— Range of vertical translation
[0 0]
(default) | 2-element numeric vector | function handle
Range of vertical translation applied to the input image, specified as one of the following. Translation distance is measured in pixels.
A 2-element numeric vector. The second element must be larger than or equal to the first element. The translation distance is picked randomly from a continuous uniform distribution within the specified interval.
A function handle. The function must accept no input arguments and return the translation distance as a numeric scalar. Use a function handle to pick a translation distance from a disjoint interval or using a nonuniform probability distribution. For more information about function handles, see Create Function Handle.
By default, the transformation tform
does not translate
images in the vertical direction.
Example: [-5 5]
ZTranslation
— Range of translation along depth
[0 0]
(default) | 2-element numeric vector | function handle
Range of translation along the depth direction applied to the input image, specified as one of the following. Translation distance is measured in pixels.
A 2-element numeric vector. The second element must be larger than or equal to the first element. The translation distance is picked randomly from a continuous uniform distribution within the specified interval.
A function handle. The function must accept no input arguments and return the translation distance as a numeric scalar. Use a function handle to pick a translation distance from a disjoint interval or using a nonuniform probability distribution. For more information about function handles, see Create Function Handle.
By default, the transformation tform
does not translate
images in the depth direction.
Example: [-5 5]
Output Arguments
tform
— Affine transformation
affinetform3d
object
Affine transformation, returned as an affinetform3d
object.
Version History
Introduced in R2019bR2022b: Returns tform
as affinetform3d
object
Starting in R2022b, most Image Processing Toolbox™ functions create and perform geometric transformations using the premultiply
convention. Accordingly, the randomAffine3d
function now returns the
output argument tform
as an affinetform3d
object, which supports the premultiply convention. Before, the function returned
tform
as an affine3d
object, which supports the
postmultiply convention. For more information, see Migrate Geometric Transformations to Premultiply Convention.
See Also
imwarp
| randomCropWindow3d
| centerCropWindow3d
Topics
- Augment Images for Deep Learning Workflows (Deep Learning Toolbox)
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