Définition de sous-classes

Syntaxe et design des sous-classes

Découvrez comment implémenter des sous-classes, appeler les méthodes de la superclasse depuis les sous-classes et contrôler les classes qui peuvent être dérivées d’une superclasse.

Outils

Class Diagram Viewer

Create diagrams with class details and hierarchies (depuis R2021a)

Fonctions

superclasses Names of superclasses

Classes

`matlab.diagram.ClassViewer`	Create class diagrams in Class Diagram Viewer app (depuis R2021a)
`matlab.mixin.Heterogeneous`	Superclass for heterogeneous array formation

Rubriques

Hiérarchies de classes

Hierarchies of Classes — Concepts
Organizing classes into hierarchies facilitates the reuse of code.
Designing Heterogeneous Class Hierarchies
Heterogeneous arrays can contain objects of different class, but all objects in the array must derive from a common superclass.

Créer des sous-classes

Subclass Syntax
Specify superclasses on the classdef line after the class name.
Design Subclass Constructors
Specify superclasses on the classdef line in the class file.
Call Superclass Methods on Subclass Objects
Subclass methods can override inherited superclass methods. Subclass methods can call the superclass method that they override.
Control Sequence of Constructor Calls
Control the order in which MATLAB^® constructs objects in class hierarchy.
Modify Inherited Methods
Subclasses can modify inherited methods.
Modify Inherited Properties
Subclasses can modify inherited properties that are abstract or private.
Subclassing Multiple Classes
Multiple inheritance can lead to conflicting definitions. All superclasses must be free of conflicts in definition.
Specify Allowed Subclasses
Classes can restrict the classes that can derive from it.

Compatibilité avec la classe Handle

Handle Compatible Classes
Enable both handle and value classes to derive from a specific class.
How to Define Handle-Compatible Classes
Handle compatible classes have applications for mixin and abstract superclasses.
Methods for Handle-Compatible Classes
Handle-compatible class methods must work with both handle and value objects.
Handle-Compatible Classes and Heterogeneous Arrays
Heterogeneous class hierarchies impose certain restrictions when classes are handle compatible.

Contrôler l’accès aux membres d’une classe

Class Members Access
Determine what level of access is allowed for properties, methods, and events.