Battery Management System

Use battery management system blocks to monitor the current and temperature of a battery. A random current and temperature profile is applied to the battery which is then simulated for 6 hours.

Use a constant current and constant voltage algorithm to charge and discharge a battery. The Battery CC-CV block is charging and discharging the battery for 10 hours. The initial state-of-charge is equal to 0.3. When the battery is charging, the current is constant until the battery reaches the maximum voltage and the current decreases towards 0. When the battery is discharging, a constant current is used.

Estimate the battery internal resistance and state-of-health (SOH) by using an adaptive Kalman filter. The initial state-of-charge (SOC) of the battery is equal to 0.6. The estimator uses an initial condition for the SOC equal to 0.65. The battery keeps charging and discharging for 10 hours. The unscented Kalman filter estimator converges to the real value of the SOC while also estimating the internal resistance. To use a different Kalman filter implementation, in the SOC Estimator (Kalman Filter) block, set the Filter type parameter to the desired value.

Estimate the battery state-of-charge (SOC) by using a Kalman filter. The initial SOC of the battery is equal to 0.5. The estimator uses an initial condition for the SOC equal to 0.8. The battery keeps charging and discharging for 6 hours. The extended Kalman filter estimator converges to the real value of the SOC in less than 10 minutes and then follows the real SOC value. To use a different Kalman filter implementation, in the SOC Estimator (Kalman Filter) block, set the Filter type parameter to the desired value.

Balance a battery with two cells connected in series by using a passive cell balancing algorithm. The initial state-of-charge (SOC) for the two cells are equal to 0.7 and 0.75. The balancing procedure depends on the cell voltages. Alternatively, you can use the SOC values for balancing. When the balancing is active, a bleeding resistor switches on to bleed the cells with higher charge. You can use the objects and functions in the Battery Pack Model Builder to generate more complex battery packs.

Implement a passive cell balancing for a lithium-ion battery pack. Cell-to-cell differences in the battery module create imbalances in the cell state-of-charge (SOC) and voltages. In this example, the balancing algorithm triggers when the battery pack is idle and the difference in the cell SOC is greater than a certain predefined value. The passive balancing shunt resistor is sized based on power loss and balancing time considerations.

Model a battery energy storage system (BESS) controller and a battery management system (BMS) with all the necessary functions for the peak shaving. The peak shaving and BESS operation follow the IEEE Std 1547-2018 and IEEE 2030.2.1-2019 standards.

Efficiently charge and discharge a battery for an electric vehicle (EV) and handle battery faults. Portable electronics and EV widely use li-ion batteries as power source due to their high-energy density. But li-ion batteries also have safety issues due to extreme conditions such as over-discharge, over-charge, high temperature, and low temperature. These extreme conditions can damage the battery and effect its performance in the long term. In some cases they can cause loss of stability which leads to thermal runaway.