- vectors x, y, vx, vy, t
- scalars ximpact, yimpact, timpact
Advice on formulating a minimization function
1 vue (au cours des 30 derniers jours)
Afficher commentaires plus anciens
Collin Pecora
le 1 Fév 2024
Modifié(e) : William Rose
le 3 Fév 2024
I am modeling ballistic data using the Low-Angle Trajectory approximation of quadratic drag from
R. D. H. Warburton and J. Wang, “Analysis of asymptotic projectile motion with air resistance using the Lambert W function,” American Journal of Physics, Vol. 72,pp. 1404–1407, 2004.
the revelant functional forms of (5) and (6) are
vxFcn = @(v0,th,b,t) v0*cos(th)./(1+v0*cos(th)*b.*t);
vyFcn = @(v0,th,b,t) ((v0*sin(th)-0.5*g.*t)./(1+v0*cos(th)*b.*t)) - 0.5*g.*t;
xFcn = @(v0,th,b,t) (1/b) * log(1 + v0*b*cos(th)*t);
yFcn = @(v0,th,b,t) (v0*sin(th) + (g/(2*b*v0*cos(th)))).*(1/(b*v0*cos(th))).*log(1+b*v0*cos(th).*t)-(0.25*g.*t.^2);
The measurements of vx and vy are noisy, while the measured impact locations, ximpact and yimpact are precise.
I use fmincon twice, the first pass uses velocityMinFcn below, with
k = [v0,th,b]. Here t is the vector of measurement times
function SSE = velocityMinFcn(k)
vxm = vxFcn(k(1),k(2),k(3),t);
vym = vyFcn(k(1),k(2),k(3),t);
SSE = sum((vxm-vx).^2) + sum((vym-vy).^2);
end
I then do a refinment pass, again using fmincon, with k = [v0,th,b,impactTime] using v0, th and b from the first pass
function SSE = impactLocationFcn(k)
SSE = abs(xFcn(k(1),k(2),k(3),k(4)) - ximpact);
SSE = SSE + abs(yFcn(k(1),k(2),k(3),k(4)) - yimpact);
end
My question is I would like to combine the two minimization function into one and am looking for advice on how best to do it
2 commentaires
William Rose
le 1 Fév 2024
Modifié(e) : William Rose
le 1 Fév 2024
Please provide some example data, and the script you are using thus far, if you have one.
Am I right to understand that you are trying to esitmate v0, theta, and b (drag coiefficient) that is consistent with the measured data?
Am I right to understand that you have measured data:
Are the functions vxFcn, vyFcn, xFcn, yFcn supposed to return vectors when called with vector time, and scalar when called with scalar time?
When you call impactLocationFcn, do you pass a scalar time for k(4)?
Your function SSE=impactLocationFcn refers to ximpact and to yimpacty. yimpacty looks like a spelling error which could cause an error.
Réponse acceptée
William Rose
le 1 Fév 2024
If you want to use multiple sources of data, with different levels of measurement error, to estimate parameters, then weight the errors by a factor proportional to
, where σ is the standard deviation of the measurement for that quantity. In other words, suppose you think range (R=final distance) is 5 times more accurate than velocity (vx, vy, in the units of measure: since position and velocity have different units, their respective sigmas shoudl be measured in the respecitve units). Then the weighing factors for range and velocity are
.
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/1606446/image.png)
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/1606451/image.png)
The weighted sum squared error, which you want to minimize, is
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/1606456/image.png)
where subscripts e and m are for estimated and measured, and there are N measurements of velocity.
Call fmincon() once, to estimate the value of [v0,theta,b] that minimizes wSSE.
If you are not sure about the sigmas, then make your best guess.
I would not use fmincon to solve for the impact time. Based on your comment, you do not have a measured impact time to compare to a predicted impact time. Compute the impact time using the estimates of v0, theta,b which you will get from fmincon(). I assume the elevation (y-value) of the launch and the landing spot are the same, or if not the same, the difference is known. If the landing zone is a hill, the landing elevation will be range-dependent, which complicates things.
3 commentaires
William Rose
le 2 Fév 2024
Modifié(e) : William Rose
le 3 Fév 2024
[Edit: Upload revised script projectileMotionFit. New version is shorter, clearer, gves same results.]
I used the W&W 2004 equations, before I noticed your post about W&W 2010. I simulated the system and added Gaussian random noise to the positions (which includes range) and to the velocities,
. I used the same initial conditions as W&W 2004, Figure 2, and my results look like their Fig 2, but my results are noisy, unlike theirs. See below.
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/1607136/image.png)
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/1607141/image.jpeg)
I saved the results in file data1.mat, attached. The file has 15 variables: t1,x1,y1,vx1,vy1 (red data above,
); t2,...,vy2 (green data,
); and t3,...,vy3 (blue data,
).
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/1607146/image.png)
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/1607151/image.png)
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/1607156/image.png)
Script projectileMotionFit.m reads the noisy data from the data file. It determines the range from the position data. It estimates [v0,theta,b] by minimizing the squared error. The squared error function uses sigmas for inverse weighting: sigma=1 for range and sigma=10 for velocities. The true [v0,theta,b] are [300,30,1.00]. Results below:
>> projectileMotionFit
Range 1=260.1, R2=281.5, R3=294.9 m.
Fit 1: v0=298.5 m/s, theta=30.4 deg, b=0.991 /s.
Fit 1: Vel.rmse=10.0 m/s, rangeErr=-0.3 m.
>>
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/1607161/image.jpeg)
W&W 2004 say "This paper was inspired by the results of an honors introductory course", referencing Mr. David Pierce. That must have been a later-year-version of the high school AP physics course I took with him. Thank you, Mr. Pierce!
Plus de réponses (0)
Voir également
Catégories
En savoir plus sur Curve Fitting Toolbox dans Help Center et File Exchange
Community Treasure Hunt
Find the treasures in MATLAB Central and discover how the community can help you!
Start Hunting!