How to store only 3 digits after the decimal point?

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Faez Alkadi
Faez Alkadi le 21 Sep 2017
Commenté : Faez Alkadi le 21 Sep 2017
I'm working on R2016a and using round function to get red of the extra digits that I don't need on right side of the decimal point, so I did the following :
x=2.123456789123456789
y=round(x,3),
so I got:
y=2.123000000000000000
But I want it to be (stored) as:
y=2.123
Is what i'm doing write ?
Thank you so much.

Réponse acceptée

Walter Roberson
Walter Roberson le 21 Sep 2017
Modifié(e) : Walter Roberson le 21 Sep 2017
MATLAB uses IEEE 754 Binary Double Precision to represent floating point numbers. All floating point scheme that use binary mantissas cannot exactly represent 1/10, just like finite decimal representation schemes cannot exactly represent 1/3 or 1/7 .
IEEE 754 also defined a Decimal Double Precision representation scheme, which can represent 2.123 exactly. However, computing those values in software is much slower. The only systems I know of that implement IEEE 754 Decimal Double Precision in hardware are the IBM z90 series.
If you need a certain specific number of decimal places to be stored, then use rationals with a power-of-10 denominator.
  3 commentaires
Walter Roberson
Walter Roberson le 21 Sep 2017
No. IEEE 754 Binary Double Precision is able to exactly represent all integers in the range +/- 2^53, but for N digit decimal numbers, only 2^N out of 10^N can be exactly represented. For example, for 3 digits, 0.000, 0.125, 0.250, 0.375, 0.500, 0.625, 0.750, 0.875 -- only 8 exactly representable 3 digit decimals out of 1000.
2.123 is not exactly representable in IEEE 754 Binary Double Precision. The closest exactly representable number is 2.12300000000000022026824808563105762004852294921875
Faez Alkadi
Faez Alkadi le 21 Sep 2017
Thank you !

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James Tursa
James Tursa le 21 Sep 2017
Modifié(e) : James Tursa le 21 Sep 2017
This is just a display difference. The numbers are the same. E.g.,
>> format long
>> x = 2.123456789123456789
x =
2.123456789123457
>> y = round(x,3)
y =
2.123000000000000
>> z = 2.123
z =
2.123000000000000
>> y == z
ans =
1
>> format short g
>> y
y =
2.123
>> z
z =
2.123
If you want to display the number to three decimal places, e.g.,
>> fprintf(' %.3f\n',y)
2.123
>> fprintf(' %.3f\n',z)
2.123
But keep in mind that 2.123 cannot be represented exactly in IEEE double precision format. The nearest IEEE double precision number to 2.123, converted to an exact decimal representation, is
>> num2strexact(2.123)
ans =
2.12300000000000022026824808563105762004852294921875

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