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geomean

Geometric mean

Syntax

``m = geomean(X)``
``m = geomean(X,'all')``
``m = geomean(X,dim)``
``m = geomean(X,vecdim)``
``m = geomean(___,nanflag)``

Description

example

````m = geomean(X)` returns the geometric mean of `X`. If `X` is a vector, then `geomean(X)` is the geometric mean of the elements in `X`.If `X` is a matrix, then `geomean(X)` is a row vector containing the geometric mean of each column of `X`.If `X` is a multidimensional array, then `geomean` operates along the first nonsingleton dimension of `X`. ```

example

````m = geomean(X,'all')` returns the geometric mean of all the elements in `X`.```

example

````m = geomean(X,dim)` returns the geometric mean along the operating dimension `dim` of `X`.```

example

````m = geomean(X,vecdim)` returns the geometric mean over the dimensions specified in the vector `vecdim`. For example, if `X` is a 2-by-3-by-4 array, then `geomean(X,[1 2])` returns a 1-by-1-by-4 array. Each element of the output array is the geometric mean of the elements on the corresponding page of `X`.```

example

````m = geomean(___,nanflag)` specifies whether to exclude `NaN` values from the calculation, using any of the input argument combinations in previous syntaxes. By default, `geomean` includes `NaN` values in the calculation (`nanflag` has the value `'includenan'`). To exclude `NaN` values, set the value of `nanflag` to `'omitnan'`.```

Examples

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Set the random seed for reproducibility of the results.

`rng('default')`

Create a matrix of exponential random numbers with 5 rows and 4 columns.

`X = exprnd(1,5,4)`
```X = 5×4 0.2049 2.3275 1.8476 1.9527 0.0989 1.2783 0.0298 0.8633 2.0637 0.6035 0.0438 0.0880 0.0906 0.0434 0.7228 0.2329 0.4583 0.0357 0.2228 0.0414 ```

Compute the geometric and arithmetic means of the columns of `X`.

`geometric = geomean(X)`
```geometric = 1×4 0.2805 0.3083 0.2079 0.2698 ```
`arithmetic = mean(X)`
```arithmetic = 1×4 0.5833 0.8577 0.5734 0.6357 ```

The arithmetic mean is greater than the geometric mean for all the columns of `X`.

Find the geometric mean over multiple dimensions by using the `'all'` input argument.

Create a 2-by-5-by-4 array `X`.

`X = reshape(1:40,[2 5 4])`
```X = X(:,:,1) = 1 3 5 7 9 2 4 6 8 10 X(:,:,2) = 11 13 15 17 19 12 14 16 18 20 X(:,:,3) = 21 23 25 27 29 22 24 26 28 30 X(:,:,4) = 31 33 35 37 39 32 34 36 38 40 ```

Find the geometric mean of all the elements of `X`.

`m = geomean(X,'all')`
```m = 15.7685 ```

`m` is the geometric mean of the entire array `X`.

Find the geometric mean along different operating dimensions and vectors of dimensions for a multidimensional array.

Create a 3-by-5-by-2 array `X`.

`X = reshape(1:30,[3 5 2])`
```X = X(:,:,1) = 1 4 7 10 13 2 5 8 11 14 3 6 9 12 15 X(:,:,2) = 16 19 22 25 28 17 20 23 26 29 18 21 24 27 30 ```

Find the geometric mean of `X` along the default dimension.

`gmean1 = geomean(X)`
```gmean1 = gmean1(:,:,1) = 1.8171 4.9324 7.9581 10.9696 13.9761 gmean1(:,:,2) = 16.9804 19.9833 22.9855 25.9872 28.9885 ```

By default, `geomean` operates along the first dimension of `X` whose size does not equal 1. In this case, this dimension is the first dimension of `X`. Therefore, `gmean1` is a 1-by-5-by-2 array.

Find the geometric mean of `X` along the second dimension.

`gmean2 = geomean(X,2)`
```gmean2 = gmean2(:,:,1) = 5.1549 6.5784 7.8155 gmean2(:,:,2) = 21.5814 22.6004 23.6177 ```

`gmean2` is a 3-by-1-by-2 array.

Find the geometric mean of `X` along the third dimension.

`gmean3 = geomean(X,3)`
```gmean3 = 3×5 4.0000 8.7178 12.4097 15.8114 19.0788 5.8310 10.0000 13.5647 16.9115 20.1494 7.3485 11.2250 14.6969 18.0000 21.2132 ```

`gmean3` is a 3-by-5 array.

Find the geometric mean of each page of `X` by specifying the first and second dimensions using the `vecdim` input argument.

`mpage = geomean(X,[1 2])`
```mpage = mpage(:,:,1) = 6.4234 mpage(:,:,2) = 22.5845 ```

For example, `mpage(1,1,2)` is the geometric mean of the elements in `X(:,:,2)`.

Find the geometric mean of the elements in each `X(i,:,:)` slice by specifying the second and third dimensions.

`mrow = geomean(X,[2 3])`
```mrow = 3×1 10.5475 12.1932 13.5862 ```

For example, `mrow(3)` is the geometric mean of the elements in `X(3,:,:)`, and is equivalent to specifying `geomean(X(3,:,:),'all')`.

Create a vector and compute its `geomean`, excluding `NaN` values.

```x = 1:10; x(3) = nan; % Replace the third element of x with a NaN value n = geomean(x,'omitnan')```
```n = 4.7408 ```

If you do not specify `'omitnan'`, then `geomean(x)` returns `NaN`.

Input Arguments

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Input data that represents a sample from a population, specified as a nonnegative vector, matrix, or multidimensional array.

• If `X` is a vector, then `geomean(X)` is the geometric mean of the elements in `X`.

• If `X` is a matrix, then `geomean(X)` is a row vector containing the geometric mean of each column of `X`.

• If `X` is a multidimensional array, then `geomean` operates along the first nonsingleton dimension of `X`.

To specify the operating dimension when `X` is a matrix or an array, use the `dim` input argument.

Data Types: `single` | `double`

Dimension along which to operate, specified as a positive integer scalar. If you do not specify a value, then the default value is the first array dimension of `X` whose size does not equal 1.

Consider a two-dimensional array `X`:

• If `dim` is equal to 1, then `geomean(X,1)` returns a row vector containing the geometric mean for each column in `X`.

• If `dim` is equal to 2, then `geomean(X,2)` returns a column vector containing the geometric mean for each row in `X`.

If `dim` is greater than `ndims(X)` or if `size(X,dim)` is 1, then `geomean` returns `X`.

Data Types: `single` | `double`

Vector of dimensions, specified as a positive integer vector. Each element of `vecdim` represents a dimension of the input array `X`. The output `m` has length 1 in the specified operating dimensions. The other dimension lengths are the same for `X` and `m`.

For example, if `X` is a 2-by-3-by-3 array, then `geomean(X,[1 2])` returns a 1-by-1-by-3 array. Each element of the output is the geometric mean of the elements on the corresponding page of `X`.

Data Types: `single` | `double`

`NaN` condition, specified as one of these values:

• `'includenan'` — Include `NaN` values when computing the `geomean`. This returns `NaN`.

• `'omitnan'` — Ignore `NaN` values in the input.

Data Types: `char` | `string`

Output Arguments

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Geometric mean, returned as a scalar, vector, matrix, or multidimensional array.

More About

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Geometric Mean

The geometric mean of a sample `X` is

`$m={\left[\prod _{i=1}^{n}{x}_{i}\right]}^{\frac{1}{n}}$`

where n is the number of values in `X`.

See Also

Topics

Introduced before R2006a

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