hist3 not returning expected output (weird range for indices etc)
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I was trying to use hist3 to visually display a two-dimensional distribution, however the function behaves unexpectedly. I expected it to return a 2D histogram (a count) of how many times each pair of numbers in the input matrix occurs, and display that count at a position in the output matrix whose indices correspond to that number pair, scaled to a factor of 10 (by default) or some other square-matrix size. But this is not what my test examples showed:
For instance, if I define the following input matrix m:
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
then the command v=hist3(m, [5 5]) has the following expected output:
1 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 1
However for this input matrix:
4 1
4 2
4 3
4 4
4 5
the output is:
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
..rather than (as I would have expected):
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0
Also, hist3(m,[5 5]) returns a plot where one of the 2 plane dimensions ranges from 2-6 rather than 1-5:
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/156724/image.jpeg)
..while hist3(m) returns the even more unexpected plot:
![](https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/uploaded_files/156726/image.jpeg)
Can anyone help clear the confusion? THanks!
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Massimo Zanetti
le 29 Sep 2016
Modifié(e) : Massimo Zanetti
le 29 Sep 2016
The behaviour of hist3 is correct. Think about this: in the first dimension (say "x") you only have one coordinate number that repeats: 4. In the other dimension "y" you have a range of values from 1 to 5.
So, how Matlab decides to bin in the "x" dimension? It has to divide in 5 bins a range of values which only consists of one number :) Thus, it "earns" the scale of values from "y" dimension, and use that scale also in the "x" dimension, and it put the number 4 in the middle (this is the most reasonable choice). So, the final range of values in the "x" dimension is 2-6, because 4 is in the middle. Is that clear now?
To get it more clear, look the bin centers Matlab has computed in the first dimension:
X=[4,4,4,4,4;1,2,3,4,5]';
[N,C]=hist3(X,[5,5]);
%bin centers in the first dimension "x":
%C{1} = [2,3,4,5,6]
%bin centers in the second dimension "y":
%C{2} = [1.4,2.2,3.0 3.8 4.6]
You can see, the 4 number, falls in the middle bin :)
3 commentaires
Massimo Zanetti
le 29 Sep 2016
Modifié(e) : Massimo Zanetti
le 29 Sep 2016
I think the best for you is to provide specifically the edges of the bins as argument of the hist3. This way you know the output, without "hacking" :)
Try this:
X=[4,4,4,4,4;1,2,3,4,5]';
edges = {.5:1:5.5,.5:1:5.5};
hist3(X,'Edges',edges);
If this answer helped you, please accept it.
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