I am struggling with a code.the code for signal transmition in Non Orthogonal Multiple Access. Please help me.

clc;
clear all;
n=100;%n0.0f bits for transmit signal
ds1=2;%distance from BS to su1
dp=3;%distance from BS to pu
ds2=4;%distance from BS to su2
%%%the signal from the BS
xp=rand(1,n)>0.5;
xs1=rand(1,n)>0.2;
xs2=rand(1,n)>0.3;
X=xp+xs1+xs2;
%%%the signal received @the su1
for s=0.1:0.01:1%noise variation
N=s*randn(1,n);
ys1=xs1/ds1.^2+N+xp/dp.^2+xs2/ds2.^2
end

[Sadia]

sir simith how you have write this receiver side equation i.e

ys1 = xs1/ds1.^2+N+xp/dp.^2+xs2/ds2.^2

how will you decode and apply SIC on receiver side? plz answer

[haya]

did you any solution???

[kheddara rania]

CAN i use this code for simulink ??

[ahmad almuhands]

please... i want matlab code of this paper.... thank you

[Walter Roberson]

ahmad almuhands:

This facility exists to assist people in learning MATLAB, and helping them debug problems. We do not write programs for people (unless the programs are very small.)

Answer 1

[Axel Moor]

I hope the code below could be of some help. Regards to you all.

clc;
clear all;

%=============================================================================
%=============================================================================
%           Non Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) Simulation
%       Version 1: Encode only: Transmitter side, no modulation
%=============================================================================
% This code was based on codes made by Simith (SMT) and Thanh Nguyen (TNY)
% published in:
% Website:  MathWorks (R)   -   www.mathworks.com
%   Forum:  MATLAB Answers [TM]   -   /matlabcentral/answers/
%   Title:  I am struggling with a code.the code for signal transmition in
%           Non Orthogonal Multiple Access. Please help me.
%   Asked:  simith on 15 Mar 2017   -   SMT
%  Answer:  Thanh Nguyen on 21 Apr 2017   -   TNY
%=============================================================================
%=============================================================================

%=============================================================================
%   Variable Names:
%     Variable names were changed according to a notation 'similar' to the
%     'Hungarian Notation' and structured programming for better 
%     understanding of NOMA techniques since many MATLAB Users are not use
%     to the meaning of equation variables related to NOMA mathematics.
%
%                +--------- new NOMA variable name
%                |
%            +---+---+
%             VarName_XXX
%                    +-+-+
%                      |
%                      +--- original SMT/TNY variable name,
%                           '_00' if the variable isn't in SMT/TNY codes
%=============================================================================

% n0.0f bits for transmit signal: 4 bits only - REMOVE '/25' for 100 bits
% as original SMT/TNY codes;
        TxBits_n = 100/25;

% distance from Base Station (BS) to Primary User, to User1, to User2 - SMT
% Assuming maximum distance as 10, for attenuation calculation purposes
        DstBStoPUser_dp = 3;
        DstBStoUser1_ds1 = 2;
        DstBStoUser2_ds2 = 4;
        MaxDsttoUser_00 = 10;

      SumSquareDst_00=DstBStoPUser_dp^2+DstBStoUser1_ds1^2+DstBStoUser2_ds2^2;

% signal from BS - Power allocation already applied on signal(???) - SMT:
%       xp=rand(1,n)>0.5;
%       xs1=rand(1,n)>0.2;
%       xs2=rand(1,n)>0.3;
%
% power allocation for Primary User, User1 and User 2 - TNY:
%       pp=0.5;
%       p1=0.3; inverse from SMT: p1<->p2
%       p2=0.2; inverse from SMT: p1<->p2
%
% NOMA corrected: farther away from Base Station (BS), more allocated power;
% Assuming the Base Station (BS) has total power of 1 and will allocate
% power for each User as proportional to squared distance: Pwr ~ Dst^2
%
        TotPwrBS_00 = 1.0;

          % previously suggested: 0.3
          PwrPUser_pp = TotPwrBS_00*(DstBStoPUser_dp^2)/SumSquareDst_00;
          % previously suggested: 0.2
          PwrUser1_p1 = TotPwrBS_00*(DstBStoUser1_ds1^2)/SumSquareDst_00;
          % previously suggested: 0.5
          PwrUser2_p2 = TotPwrBS_00*(DstBStoUser2_ds2^2)/SumSquareDst_00;

%=============================================================================
    %%%Create random binary messages/signals from Base Station (BS)
%=============================================================================
% signal of 'n' bits from BS to Primary User, User1 and User2 based on
% with power allocation already applied??? - SMT:
%       xp=rand(1,n)>0.5;
%       xs1=rand(1,n)>0.2;
%       xs2=rand(1,n)>0.3;
% signal stream of Primary User, User1 and User2 - TNY:
% 'rand' generates any number between [0 and 1], NOT binary, noise included???
%       xp=rand(1,n);
%       xs1=rand(1,n);
%       xs2=rand(1,n);
%
% Correct (actual) binary messages of 'TxBits_n' bits length:
% equal probability of 0 and 1 in every bit;
%   'rand'  generates numbers in [0 to 1], uniformally distributed;
%   Mean is 0.5
%
        SgnPUser_xp = rand(1,TxBits_n) > 0.5;
        SgnUser1_xs1 = rand(1,TxBits_n) > 0.5;
        SgnUser2_xs2 = rand(1,TxBits_n) > 0.5;

%=============================================================================
    %%%Superposition Encoding
%=============================================================================
% Direct sum of signals: incorrect  - SMT: X=xp+xs1+xs2;
% NOMA: Power-domain Multiplexing, sum of products signal*sqrt(power) - TNY:
%
        Enc_X = sqrt(PwrPUser_pp)*SgnPUser_xp;
        Enc_X = sqrt(PwrUser1_p1)*SgnUser1_xs1 + Enc_X;
        Enc_X = sqrt(PwrUser2_p2)*SgnUser2_xs2 + Enc_X;

%=============================================================================
    %%%Received signals for all Users
%=============================================================================
% Adding Gaussian Noise: use 'randn' instead of 'rand':
%   'randn' generates numbers in [-Inf,+Inf], normally distributed (Gaussian);
%   Mean is zero, but with strong concetration in [-1 to +1];
%   'rand'  generates numbers in [0 to 1], uniformally distributed;
%   Mean is 0.5
%
% NOMA: Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) with ZERO MEAN and double-side
%  power spectral density, N0/2.
% Noise variation on time N(t) (addition): different for every bit;
%
% Since 'randn' concetrates in [-1 to +1] or even larger and a bit is only
% [0 or 1], and Power<=1 the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) could be too low.
% So a constant to reduce Noise level is necessary.
%
        NoiseReduc_0 = 10; 
        NoisePUser_N = randn(1,TxBits_n)/NoiseReduc_0;
        NoiseUser1_N = randn(1,TxBits_n)/NoiseReduc_0;
        NoiseUser2_N = randn(1,TxBits_n)/NoiseReduc_0;

% Channel Attenuation Gain (multiplier): different for every User/channel,
% no variation on time. Attenuation is inversely proportional to the power
% and directly proportional to squared distance.
% As the allocated power is proportional to squared distance: Pwr ~ Dst^2,
% it makes all Attenuations become a "boring" constant (0.71 in this case).
% So a random System Loss inversely proportional to power was included to
% increase the unpredictability of simulation.
%
  SyLosPUser_00 = 1 + rand/(10*PwrPUser_pp);
  AtnGnPUser_00 = TotPwrBS_00/PwrPUser_pp * 1/SyLosPUser_00;
  AtnGnPUser_00 = AtnGnPUser_00*(DstBStoPUser_dp^2)/(MaxDsttoUser_00^2);
  AtnGnPUser_00 = 1 - AtnGnPUser_00;

    SyLosUser1_00 = 1 + rand/(10*PwrUser1_p1);
    AtnGnUser1_00 = TotPwrBS_00/PwrUser1_p1 * 1/SyLosUser1_00;
    AtnGnUser1_00 = AtnGnUser1_00*(DstBStoUser1_ds1^2)/(MaxDsttoUser_00^2);
    AtnGnUser1_00 = 1 - AtnGnUser1_00;

    SyLosUser2_00 = 1 + rand/(10*PwrUser2_p2);
    AtnGnUser2_00 = TotPwrBS_00/PwrUser2_p2 * 1/SyLosUser2_00;
    AtnGnUser2_00 = AtnGnUser2_00*(DstBStoUser2_ds2^2)/(MaxDsttoUser_00^2);
    AtnGnUser2_00 = 1 - AtnGnUser2_00;

%=============================================================================
    %%%Signal received by each User
%=============================================================================
% SMT: bit-lenght iteraction adding a Noise, increasing per bit - incorrect;
% Adding signal/(squared distance) - incorrect;
%       for s=0.1:0.01:1    % noise variation
%           N=s*randn(1,n);
%           ys1=xs1/ds1.^2+N+xp/dp.^2+xs2/ds2.^2
%       end
%
% NOMA: the Superposition Encoding (Enc_X) containing the messages to all
% Users already calculated above is affected by Attenuation (multiplier) and
% Noise (additive) just one time only as in Linear equation below:
%
%         Yk(t) = X(t).Gk + Wk(t)     where
%
% Yk(t) = superimposed signal received by User[k];
% X(t)  = superimposed signal with all Users messages as transmitted by BS;
% Gk    = channel attenuation gain for the link between BS and User[k];
% Wk(t) = additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) at the User[k] with
%         mean ZERO and density N0;
% 
        RxSgnPUser_ysp = Enc_X*AtnGnPUser_00 + NoisePUser_N;
        RxSgnUser1_ys1 = Enc_X*AtnGnUser1_00 + NoiseUser1_N;
        RxSgnUser2_ys2 = Enc_X*AtnGnUser2_00 + NoiseUser2_N;

[Sadia]

thank you its quite helping.

[samson zitha]

Dear: All

can anyone please help with a Successive Interference Cancellation receiver for Non orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA). thank you

[qandeel iqbal]

good work..it is helping..thanx

[Abdelmunem Elmeselaty]

How will you plot the signal? Can you please add more functions to see the signal in graphs?

[Basem Mamdoh]

Did you take the modulation effect ?

[vaishna k]

Sir,please you help how to carry out sic at receiver side with this. Thanks in advance

[juhi singh]

sir,please provide this code for receiver side also

[Daniel Demessie]

thanks so much

if you have matlab code for capacity maximizing for non orthogonal multiple access

[Misha Nadeem]

Please share capacity maximizing for non orthogonal multiple access if you have

[Kardes ASLAN]

Dear Moor

Thank you due to you share matlab code. But I am curious about why you did not incorporate channel coefficients to the received signal at the receiver side.

Best regrads

[Sami Hadeyya]

Dear Moor

please share Energy-Spectral Efficiency Tradeoff of Downlink

NOMA System with Fairness Consideration if you have

[Muhammad Ali]

Any one have code for switching algorithm between OMA, cooperative NOMA & non-cooperative NOMA depending on user data rates? Please share if anyone have.

Answer 2

[Tahir Arshad]

hello sir, can you please share the matlab code for NOMA specially receiver side. thanks

Answer 3

[Sami Hadeyya]

Dear Thanh Nguyen

please share Energy-Spectral Efficiency Tradeoff of Downlink

NOMA System with Fairness Consideration if you have

Answer 4

[Thanh Nguyen]

I am not sure whether my answer can help you about the NOMA.

Firstly, generate the bit sequences for each user separately and then modulate them by a common modulation scheme like QPSK. In this step, the signal for each users is considered equally in power.

Secondly, combine the signals into one stream (I call NOMA modulation in power domain, or in some papers they call Superposition Encoding). In this step, we have to consider the Power Allocation for each user s' signal (reference to others NOMA papers for more detail).

Finally, the sole signal will be transmitted as the same way as you described.

Let consider my suggested pseudo code:

clc; 
clear all; 
n=100;%n0.0f bits for transmit signal 

%%%the signal from the BS 
xp=rand(1,n);   % signal stream of primary user 
pp=0.5;         % power allocation for primary user
xs1=rand(1,n);  % signal stream of user 1
p1=0.3;         % power allocation for user 1
xs2=rand(1,n);  % signal stream of user 2
p2=0.2;         % power allocation for user 2
%superposition encoding
X=sqrt(pp)*xp+sqrt(p1)*xs1+sqrt(p2)*xs2;

[nikitha nabitha]

Sir you had said that each user have to be modulated for exampled qpsk modulation right?then do the superposition encoding??

      * * * *    
      * * * *   
      * * * *      
      * * * *        xp=rand(1,n);  % information
      * * * *       
      * * * *       %Number_of_bit=1024;
      * * * *       %data=randint(Number_of_bit,1);
      * * * *       
      * * * *       figure(1)
      * * * *       stem(xp, 'linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *       title('  Information before Transmiting ');
      * * * *       axis([ 0 11 0 1.5]);
      * * * *       
      * * * *       data_NZR=2*data-1; % Data Represented at NZR form for QPSK modulation
      * * * *       s_p_data=reshape(data_NZR,2,length(xp)/2);  % S/P convertion of data
      * * * *       
      * * * *       
      * * * *       br=10.^6; %Let us transmission bit rate  1000000
      * * * *       f=br; % minimum carrier frequency
      * * * *       T=1/br; % bit duration
      * * * *       t=T/99:T/99:T; % Time vector for one bit information
      * * * *       
      * * * *       
      * * * *       
      * * * *       % XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX QPSK modulatio  XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
      * * * *       y=[];
      * * * *       y_in=[];
      * * * *       y_qd=[];
      * * * *       for(i=1:length(xp)/2)
      * * * *           y1=s_p_data(1,i)*cos(2*pi*f*t); % inphase component
      * * * *           y2=s_p_data(2,i)*sin(2*pi*f*t) ;% Quadrature component
      * * * *           y_in=[y_in y1]; % inphase signal vector
      * * * *           y_qd=[y_qd y2]; %quadrature signal vector
      * * * *           y=[y y1+y2]; % modulated signal vector
      * * * *       end
      * * * *       Tx_sig=y; % transmitting signal after modulation
      * * * *       tt=T/99:T/99:(T*length(xp))/2;
      * * * *       
      * * * *       figure(2)
      * * * *       
      * * * *       subplot(3,1,1);
      * * * *       plot(tt,y_in,'linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *       title(' wave form for inphase component in QPSK modulation ');
      * * * *       xlabel('time(sec)');
      * * * *       ylabel(' amplitude(volt0');
      * * * *       
      * * * *       subplot(3,1,2);
      * * * *       plot(tt,y_qd,'linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *       title(' wave form for Quadrature component in QPSK modulation ');
      * * * *       xlabel('time(sec)');
      * * * *       ylabel(' amplitude(volt0');
      * * * *       
      * * * *       
      * * * *       subplot(3,1,3);
      * * * *       plot(tt,Tx_sig,'r','linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *       title('QPSK modulated signal (sum of inphase and Quadrature phase signal)');
      * * * *       xlabel('time(sec)');
      * * * *       ylabel(' amplitude(volt0)');
      * * * *       
      * * * *       xs1=rand(1,n);  % information
      * * * *       
      * * * *       %Number_of_bit=1024;
      * * * *       %data=randint(Number_of_bit,1);
      * * * *       
      * * * *       figure(1)
      * * * *       stem(xs1, 'linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *       title('  Information before Transmiting ');
      * * * *       axis([ 0 11 0 1.5]);
      * * * *       
      * * * *       data_NZR=2*data-1; % Data Represented at NZR form for QPSK modulation
      * * * *       s_p_data=reshape(data_NZR,2,length(xs1)/2);  % S/P convertion of data
      * * * *       
      * * * *       
      * * * *       br=10.^6; %Let us transmission bit rate  1000000
      * * * *       f=br; % minimum carrier frequency
      * * * *       T=1/br; % bit duration
      * * * *       t=T/99:T/99:T; % Time vector for one bit information
      * * * *       
      * * * *       
      * * * *       
      * * * *       % XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX QPSK modulatio  XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
      * * * *       y=[];
      * * * *       y_in=[];
      * * * *       y_qd=[];
      * * * *       for(i=1:length(xs1)/2)
      * * * *           y1=s_p_data(1,i)*cos(2*pi*f*t); % inphase component
      * * * *           y2=s_p_data(2,i)*sin(2*pi*f*t) ;% Quadrature component
      * * * *           y_in=[y_in y1]; % inphase signal vector
      * * * *           y_qd=[y_qd y2]; %quadrature signal vector
      * * * *           y=[y y1+y2]; % modulated signal vector
      * * * *       end
      * * * *       Tx_sig=y; % transmitting signal after modulation
      * * * *       tt=T/99:T/99:(T*length(xs1))/2;
      * * * *       
      * * * *       figure(2)
      * * * *       
      * * * *       subplot(3,1,1);
      * * * *       plot(tt,y_in,'linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *       title(' wave form for inphase component in QPSK modulation ');
      * * * *       xlabel('time(sec)');
      * * * *       ylabel(' amplitude(volt0');
      * * * *       
      * * * *       subplot(3,1,2);
      * * * *       plot(tt,y_qd,'linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *       title(' wave form for Quadrature component in QPSK modulation ');
      * * * *       xlabel('time(sec)');
      * * * *       ylabel(' amplitude(volt0');
      * * * *       
      * * * *       
      * * * *       subplot(3,1,3);
      * * * *       plot(tt,Tx_sig,'r','linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *       title('QPSK modulated signal (sum of inphase and Quadrature phase signal)');
      * * * *       xlabel('time(sec)');
      * * * *       ylabel(' amplitude(volt0');
      * * * *   xs2=rand(1,n);  % information
      * * * *   
      * * * *   %Number_of_bit=1024;
      * * * *   %data=randint(Number_of_bit,1);
      * * * *   
      * * * *   figure(1)
      * * * *   stem(xs2, 'linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *   title('  Information before Transmiting ');
      * * * *   axis([ 0 11 0 1.5]);
      * * * *   
      * * * *   data_NZR=2*data-1; % Data Represented at NZR form for QPSK modulation
      * * * *   s_p_data=reshape(data_NZR,2,length(xs2)/2);  % S/P convertion of data
      * * * *   
      * * * *   
      * * * *   br=10.^6; %Let us transmission bit rate  1000000
      * * * *   f=br; % minimum carrier frequency
      * * * *   T=1/br; % bit duration
      * * * *   t=T/99:T/99:T; % Time vector for one bit information
      * * * *   
      * * * *   
      * * * *   
      * * * *   % XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX QPSK modulatio  XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
      * * * *   y=[];
      * * * *   y_in=[];
      * * * *   y_qd=[];
      * * * *   for(i=1:length(xs2)/2)
      * * * *       y1=s_p_data(1,i)*cos(2*pi*f*t); % inphase component
      * * * *       y2=s_p_data(2,i)*sin(2*pi*f*t) ;% Quadrature component
      * * * *       y_in=[y_in y1]; % inphase signal vector
      * * * *       y_qd=[y_qd y2]; %quadrature signal vector
      * * * *       y=[y y1+y2]; % modulated signal vector
      * * * *   end
      * * * *   Tx_sig=y; % transmitting signal after modulation
      * * * *   tt=T/99:T/99:(T*length(xs2))/2;
      * * * *   
      * * * *   figure(2)
      * * * *   
      * * * *   subplot(3,1,1);
      * * * *   plot(tt,y_in,'linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *   title(' wave form for inphase component in QPSK modulation ');
      * * * *   xlabel('time(sec)');
      * * * *   ylabel(' amplitude(volt0');
      * * * *   
      * * * *   subplot(3,1,2);
      * * * *   plot(tt,y_qd,'linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *   title(' wave form for Quadrature component in QPSK modulation ');
      * * * *   xlabel('time(sec)');
      * * * *   ylabel(' amplitude(volt0');
      * * * *   
      * * * *   
      * * * *   subplot(3,1,3);
      * * * *   plot(tt,Tx_sig,'r','linewidth',3), grid on;
      * * * *   title('QPSK modulated signal (sum of inphase and Quadrature phase signal)');
      * * * *   xlabel('time(sec)');
      * * * *   ylabel(' amplitude(volt0');

is this how to modulate and then apply superposition encoding??

X=sqrt(pp)*xp+sqrt(p1)*xs1+sqrt(p2)*xs2;

[Faizan Saeed]

There are some undefined variables like 'data' and 'xs2' in line 14 and 120. please solve this problem. I am also working on a project based on NOMA and i am stuck at simulations so please help.

[nikitha nabitha]

hi sir,how did you generate random numbers in NOMA?

[Walter Roberson]

All those **** are invalid MATLAB syntax; your program cannot run.

[Faizan Saeed]

i have removed ** it still does not work. Sir Robert, do you have any idea about Simulation Code of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) ?

[Jan]

[MOVED from flags] Chu Duc Hanh wrote on 22 Oct 2018 at 22:48.

Em chào anh, em đang làm luận án liên quan đến NOMA và có một số câu hỏi muốn hỏi anh được không ạ?

Translation for the readers:

Hello, I'm doing a dissertation related to NOMA and have some questions to ask him?

@Chu Duc Hanh: Please use the section for comments to post such a comment. Thanks.

[Sami Hadeyya]

please Iam woking on project based on noma iam stuck at simulations so please help.if there is matlab code

please send it. thanks

[shardul thapliyal]

can we add these random samples without modulation?? how will reciever know what were the individual samples??

Answer 5

[simith]

Hi; How to apply The Rice's Formula to find the number of crossings? Pls tell me matlab code for that

[Walter Roberson]

Please start a new Question for that.

[Daniel Demessie]

if there is matlab code for power allocation for non orthogonal multiple access

please send it

Answer 6

[Daniel Demessie]

thanks so much if you have matlab code for Spectrally efficient Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) please send it

[Jan]

This is not answer to the question. Please do not hijack other threads by posting pseudo-answers.

Answer 7

[Aschalew Ambelu]

Any one can you help me

Matlab code of improving spectral efficiency of MIMO system using polar code, NOMA and M-QAM combining togather

pleace help me