Fault Analysis in a DC Motor as well as Cell of a Battery

Simulink model analyzes faults in a DC motor(Winding) & battery cells, monitoring SOC, SOH, voltage, and current for predictive maintenance.

Fault Analysis in a DC Motor and Battery Cells1. Introduction

This project aims to analyze and detect faults in DC motors and battery cells, which are essential components in electric vehicles and power storage systems. The developed MATLAB Simulink model simulates different fault conditions to observe their impact on performance parameters.

2. Simulation Overview

The simulation consists of two major parts:

1. DC Motor Fault Analysis – Investigates electrical and mechanical faults in a DC motor.
2. Battery Cell Fault Analysis – Simulates various failures in individual battery cells that can degrade system efficiency.

3. Faults Considered in the SimulationA. DC Motor Faults

• Open Circuit Fault – Occurs when a connection in the motor circuit is broken, leading to no current flow and motor failure.
• Ground Fault – A short-circuit condition where part of the motor winding makes an unintended connection with the ground, causing excessive current draw.
• Winding Fault – A partial short circuit between windings, leading to unbalanced magnetic fields, overheating, and reduced efficiency.

B. Battery Cell Faults

• Cell Imbalance – Unequal charge levels in different cells, affecting performance and longevity.
• Overcharging/Over-discharging – Leads to permanent damage and increased internal resistance.
• Internal Short Circuit – Causes excessive heat buildup, posing safety risks.
• State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) Degradation – Affects battery efficiency and lifespan.

4. Key Parameters Monitored

• DC Motor: Voltage, Current, Speed, and Temperature.
• Battery Cells: Cell Voltage, Current, SOC, and SOH.

5. Results and Analysis

• DC Motor Faults: The simulation demonstrates how open circuit faults cause the motor to stop running, ground faults increase current draw, and winding faults affect motor efficiency.
• Battery Cell Faults: Voltage imbalances and SOC/SOH variations indicate possible failure conditions, allowing for early fault detection.

6. Conclusion

This study highlights the significance of fault diagnosis in DC motors and battery systems for predictive maintenance and enhancing system reliability. The Simulink model provides a foundation for real-time monitoring and early failure detection to prevent costly breakdowns.