Subtracting within a Matrix

I have this matrix:

1 0
1 2
1 3
2 3
2 4
3 1
3 6

In the second column, I need to find the highest and lowest number that are associated with the same number in the first column, and then subtract the two. In row 1, the numbers 1 and 0 exist. In row 3, the numbers 1 and 3 exists. I need to subtract the 3 and the 0 and get 3 as my output.

The output should be a matrix that looks like this:

1 3
2 1
3 5

Also if a number in the first column only occurs once

 1 0
 1 2
 1 3
 2 3
 2 4
 3 1
 3 6
 4 5

Then the number in the second column associated with it in the output matrix should be a 0.

1 3
2 1
3 5
4 0

Answer 1

[Joseph Cheng]

you can use the built in function unique to determine this:

   A =[ 1 0; 1 2; 1 3; 2 3; 2 4; 3 1; 3 6; 4 5]
  [c1,ia1,ic1] = unique(A(:,1));
  for ind = 1:length(c1)
      tempMIN = min(A(ind==A(:,1),2));
      tempMAX = max(A(ind==A(:,1),2));
      tostore = tempMAX-tempMIN    
  end

also you maybe able to do this simpler with accumarray().

Answer 2

[Star Strider]

The accumarray approach:

M = [ 1 0
     1 2
     1 3
     2 3
     2 4
     3 1
     3 6
     4 5];

Mu = unique(M(:,1));
R = accumarray(Mu, Mu, [], @(x)[max(M(M(:,1)==Mu(x),2))-min(M(M(:,1)==Mu(x),2))]);
Result = [Mu R]

Result =

       1     3
       2     1
       3     5
       4     0