Commandes système

Interagir de manière programmatique avec le système d’exploitation et l’environnement MATLAB^®

Les commandes système vous offrent un accès programmatique à votre système d’exploitation et à l’environnement MATLAB. Vous pouvez les utiliser pour accéder à des informations concernant votre ordinateur, copier le contenu dans le presse-papiers du système, obtenir et définir des variables d’environnement et exécuter des commandes du système d’exploitation. Pour consulter et modifier les options des outils MATLAB tels que la fenêtre de commande, l’éditeur ou App Designer, utilisez les paramètres. Pour stocker vos propres données et y accéder dans différentes sessions MATLAB, créez des paramètres personnalisés.

Fonctions

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Commandes du système d’exploitation

`clipboard`	Copy and paste text to and from system clipboard
`computer`	Information about computer on which MATLAB is running
`system`	Execute operating system command and return output
`cmdsep`	Command separator for current platform (depuis R2023b)
`dos`	Execute DOS command and return output
`unix`	Execute UNIX command and return output
`getenv`	Get environment variable
`loadenv`	Load environment variables from `.env` and plain text files (depuis R2023a)
`isenv`	Determine if environment variable exists (depuis R2022b)
`setenv`	Set environment variable
`unsetenv`	Remove environment variable (depuis R2022b)
`perl`	Call Perl script using operating system executable
`winqueryreg`	Item from Windows registry

Environnement MATLAB

`matlabProcessID`	Process identifier for MATLAB code execution process (depuis R2025a)
`matlab.io.saveVariablesToScript`	Save workspace variables to MATLAB script
`getpref`	Get custom setting value
`setpref`	Set custom setting value
`addpref`	Add custom setting
`rmpref`	Remove custom preference
`ispref`	Determine if custom setting exists

API de configuration

Accéder aux paramètres et les modifier

`settings`	Access the `SettingsGroup` root object
`clearTemporaryValue`	Clear temporary value for setting
`clearPersonalValue`	Clear personal value for setting
`clearInstallationValue`	Clear installation value for setting (depuis R2022a)
`hasActiveValue`	Determine whether setting has active value set (depuis R2024a)
`hasTemporaryValue`	Determine whether setting has temporary value set
`hasPersonalValue`	Determine whether setting has personal value set
`hasInstallationValue`	Determine whether setting has installation value set (depuis R2022a)
`hasFactoryValue`	Determine whether setting has factory value set
`Setting`	Represents individual setting
`SettingsGroup`	Group of settings and subgroup objects

Créer des paramètres

`addSetting`	Add new setting
`addGroup`	Add new settings group
`hasGroup`	Determine if settings group exists
`hasSetting`	Determine if setting exists in settings group
`removeGroup`	Remove settings group
`removeSetting`	Remove setting

Validation des paramètres

`matlab.settings.mustBeLogicalScalar`	Validate that setting value is a logical scalar
`matlab.settings.mustBeNumericScalar`	Validate that setting value is a numeric scalar
`matlab.settings.mustBeStringScalar`	Validate that setting value is a string scalar
`matlab.settings.mustBeIntegerScalar`	Validate that setting value is an integer scalar

Paramètres par défaut

`matlab.settings.FactoryGroup.createToolboxGroup`	Create `FactoryGroup` root object for toolbox
`addGroup`	Add new factory settings group
`addSetting`	Add new factory setting
`matlab.settings.SettingsFileUpgrader`	Version-specific changes in factory settings tree of toolbox
`move`	Record move or rename of factory setting or group
`remove`	Record removal of factory setting or group
`matlab.settings.reloadFactoryFile`	Load or reload factory settings
`matlab.settings.loadSettingsCompatibilityResults`	Results of upgrading personal settings of toolbox for specific version
`FactoryGroup`	Group of factory settings and factory subgroup objects
`FactorySetting`	Factory settings object
`ReleaseCompatibilityResults`	Results of upgrading toolbox with specific version number
`ReleaseCompatibilityException`	Exception that occurs when upgrading toolbox
`VersionResults`	Results of upgrade operations
`OperationResult`	Status of individual operation when upgrading toolbox

Paramètres

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Environnement desktop

matlab.accessibility Settings	Accessibility settings, including screen reader settings (depuis R2026a)
matlab.codeanalyzer Settings	Code analyzer settings
matlab.colors Settings	MATLAB syntax highlighting color settings for light theme
matlab.commandwindow Settings	Command Window settings including text display settings
matlab.fonts Settings	Code font settings
matlab.general Settings	General settings including MAT-file and random number settings
matlab.keyboard Settings	Keyboard settings including suggestions and completions settings
matlab.suggestions Settings	Code suggestions settings (depuis R2026a)

Editor et App Designer

matlab.editor Settings	Editor settings, including language, backup, and display settings
matlab.appdesigner Settings	App Designer settings, including canvas editor and component browser settings

Rubriques

Access and Modify Settings Programmatically
Access and modify settings for tools such as fonts and colors programmatically.
Create Custom Settings
Create custom settings to store and access data programmatically across sessions.
Shell Escape Function Example
Call external programs by issuing operating system commands.
Run External Commands, Scripts, and Programs
Use the ! character to call an operating system command. Run UNIX programs off the system path.
Change Environment Variable for Shell Command
Substitute a user-specified value for an environment variable value set by MATLAB when you call a function using the system command.

Informations connexes

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