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Génération de nombres aléatoires

Valeurs initiales (graines), distributions, algorithmes

Utilisez les fonctions rand, randn et randi pour créer des séries de nombres pseudo-aléatoires. Utilisez la fonction randperm pour créer un vecteur d’entiers permutés de façon aléatoire. Utilisez la fonction rng pour contrôler la répétabilité de vos résultats. Utilisez la classe RandStream si vous avez besoin d’un contrôle plus avancé de la génération de nombres aléatoires.

Fonctions

développer tout

Créer des valeurs aléatoires

`rand`	Nombres aléatoires uniformément distribués
`randn`	Normally distributed random numbers
`randi`	Uniformly distributed random integers
`randperm`	Random permutation of integers

Définir les paramètres d'un générateur

`rng`	Control random number generator
`RandStream`	Random number stream

Rubriques

Générer des nombres aléatoires

Create Arrays of Random Numbers
Use rand, randi, randn, and randperm to create arrays of random numbers.
Random Numbers Within a Specific Range
This example shows how to create an array of random floating-point numbers that are drawn from a uniform distribution in the open interval (50, 100).
Random Integers
This example shows how to create an array of random integer values that are drawn from a discrete uniform distribution on a specific set of numbers.
Random Numbers from Normal Distribution with Specific Mean and Variance
This example shows how to create an array of random floating-point numbers that are drawn from a normal distribution having a mean of 500 and variance of 25.
Random Numbers Within a Sphere
This example shows how to create random points within the volume of a sphere, as described by Knuth [1].
Why Do Random Numbers Repeat After Startup?
Avoid repetition of random number arrays when MATLAB^® restarts.
Replace Discouraged Syntaxes of rand and randn
Replace Discouraged Syntaxes of rand and randn.

Contrôler la génération de nombres aléatoires

Controlling Random Number Generation
This example shows how to use the rng function, which provides control over random number generation.
Generate Random Numbers That Are Repeatable
This example shows how to repeat arrays of random numbers by specifying the generator algorithm and seed first. Every time you initialize the generator using the same algorithm and seed, you always get the same result.
Generate Random Numbers That Are Different
This example shows how to avoid repeating the same random number arrays when MATLAB restarts.

Contrôler plusieurs séries ou sous-séries

Managing the Global Stream Using RandStream
This example shows how to use the RandStream class to control random number generation from the global stream.
Multiple Streams
This example uses RandStream to create multiple, independent random number streams.
Creating and Controlling a Random Number Stream
This example shows how to use RandStream to create random number streams and substreams.